Corn - World Supply and Demand Summary
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United States
The United States is the largest producer of corn in the world. Averaging 236,041 TMT of production, the U.S. produces more than double the amount of corn that China produces, the world's second largest corn producer. The United States is also the largest consumer of corn in the world, with average consumption of 183,119 TMT. Since the U.S. produces more than it needs, imports make up only a small portion of the U.S.'s total supply. In fact, average imports are only 322 TMT. On the other hand, the United States has enough excess corn production to have average exports of 49,079 TMT, making the United States the largest corn exporter in the world. All of this is done while still keeping ending stocks at an average level of 35,116 TMT, the second highest corn ending stocks in the world.
Corn is grown throughout the United States Midwest, with concentration mostly around the states of Iowa and Illinois. There are minor growth areas along the East Coast, but the vast majority of U.S. corn is grown in the central corn belt. Corn planting in the mid-west begins in mid-April and runs through the end of May. Corn silks during the months of July and August, and harvest usually runs from the first of October through the end of November. The corn production calendar is pushed ahead one month for the southern areas of production.
China
Over the past five years China has produced an average corn crop of 115,586 TMT. This makes China the second largest producer of corn in the world. China is also the second largest consumer of corn in the world, averaging a yearly consumption of 112,014 TMT. China on average has imported 944 TMT, and exported 4,560 TMT of corn. This makes China the world's fourth largest exporter of corn. China's ending stocks average for corn is 92,407 TMT, leaving China with the highest world ending stocks.
Corn is grown over a great portion of China, with the major growing areas located in the northeast and south central regions of the country. Minor growing areas lie between the two major areas, serving to connect the two. The province of Jilin is the largest corn producing state in China, producing 13.3 percent of Chinas total corn. The second largest corn-producing province is Shandong, which produces 12.6 percent of the nations total corn. Corn on the north China plain is planted from the first of April to the middle of June. The harvesting of corn starts in mid-August and runs through the middle of October. For most of southern China, corn is planted from the first of February through the middle of April. Corn harvest runs from the first of July through the end of August.
Brazil
Brazil, with an average production of 34,179 TMT, is the third largest producer of corn in the world. Brazil is also the third largest consumer of corn in the world, consuming 35,073 TMT on average. Brazil imports 1,017 TMT ranking them as the fifteenth largest importer of corn in the world. On average, Brazil exports 398 TMT of corn. Brazil's average ending stocks are 2,632 TMT, giving them the third largest ending stocks average in the world.
Corn in Brazil is grown mostly in the eastern region of the nation. The state of Parana produces 18 percent of the nations total corn, with the state of Rio Grande Do Sul producing 13 percent of the nations total corn. For the majority of Brazil, corn is planted from the first of October through the end of December. Corn is harvested from around the first of February through the end of June.
Mexico
Mexico, with average production of 17,910 TMT, is the fourth largest producer of corn in the world. Mexico is also the fourth largest consumer of corn in the world, with average consumption of 22,617 TMT. Mexico imports an average of 4,806 TMT of corn, making them the fourth largest importer of corn in the world. Mexico's exports are substantially lower, averaging only 82 TMT, making Mexico the sixteenth largest exporter of corn in the world. Average corn ending stocks in Mexico are 2,044 TMT.
To some degree corn is grown throughout all of Mexico, with major production areas concentrated to the greatest extent in the southern regions of the country. The state of Jalisco leads the country in corn production, accounting for 15 percent of the total corn produced in Mexico. For most of Mexico, corn is planted from the first of May through the end of June. It then silks from mid-July through mid-August. Mexican corn harvest begins around the first of October and runs through the end of December.
Argentina
Argentina, with average production of 14,860 TMT, is the fifth largest producer of corn in the world. Average corn consumption in Argentina is 5,418 TMT, placing them as the seventeenth largest consumer of corn. Argentina averages imports of 6 TMT of corn and exports of 9,521 TMT. Due to its high level of exports, Argentina is the second largest exporter of corn in the world. Average ending stocks for Argentina are 780 TMT.
Corn is grown in the central region of Argentina, with the province of Buenos Aires producing 54 percent of the nations total corn supply. The state of Cordoba is the second largest producing province, accounting for 16 percent of the nations total production. The planting season for corn begins around the first of October and runs through the end of December. Corn can then be expected to start silking in mid-December and will continue to silk through the end of January. Argentinean corn will then be harvested from the first of March through mid-June.
France
France is the sixth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging a production of 14,791 TMT. Average French corn consumption is 7,774 TMT. The same average has France importing 214 TMT of corn. Due to its large production average and moderate consumption level, France is the third largest exporter of corn in the world. Average exports are 7,295 TMT. Ending stocks for France average 1,453 TMT.
In France corn is grown throughout the entire country, with the major growing areas located in the southern part of the nation. The region of Aquitaine accounts for 21 percent of the nations total corn, and the state of Midi-Pyrenees accounts for 13 percent of the nations total corn production. Corn is generally planted in France from the first of April through the end of May. The corn harvest usually begins around the first of September and runs through the end of November.
India
India is the seventh largest producer of corn in the world, averaging 10,504 TMT of production. India, on average, consumes 10,473 TMT of corn, ranking them as the sixth largest consumer of corn in the world. India has an import average of 90 TMT of corn. India exports an average of 18 TMT of corn.
Corn in India is grown in small, inland pockets throughout the country. The state of Uttar Pradesh produces 16 percent of the total corn in India, with the state of Bihar accounting for 14 percent of India's total corn production. Corn in India is usually planted from around mid-May through the end of July. Corn harvest can be expected to begin around the first of November and run through the end of January.
Italy
Italy produces an average of 9,178 TMT of corn, ranking them as the eighth largest producer of corn in the world. Italy, on average, consumes 9,683 TMT of corn, making them the seventh largest consumer of corn in the world. Imports and exports for Italy are 644 TMT and 68 TMT respectively. Italy's average ending stocks are 638 TMT of corn.
Corn is produced throughout Italy, with the major growth areas being concentrated in the northern portion of the country. The region of Vento accounts for 24 percent of the nations total corn, but the region of Lombardia is a close second, producing 20 percent of Italy's total corn. Corn is planted in Italy starting around the first of April and running through mid-May. The harvest season for corn begins around the first of September and runs through the end of October.
Romania
Romania is the ninth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging production of 9,102 TMT per year. Romania's average consumption is 8,789 TMT, which ranks them as the ninth largest consumer of corn in the world. On average, Romania imports 93 TMT, and they export 391 TMT of corn, making them the ninth largest exporter of corn in the world. Romania's ending stocks average is 827 TMT.
Corn is grown throughout the county of Romania, with the major growing areas located in the western regions of the country. The county of Dolj is the largest producer of corn in Romania, accounting for 6 percent of the nations total production. For most of Romania, corn is planted from the first of April through the end of May. Harvest begins around the first of August and will run through the end of September.
The United States is the largest producer of corn in the world. Averaging 236,041 TMT of production, the U.S. produces more than double the amount of corn that China produces, the world's second largest corn producer. The United States is also the largest consumer of corn in the world, with average consumption of 183,119 TMT. Since the U.S. produces more than it needs, imports make up only a small portion of the U.S.'s total supply. In fact, average imports are only 322 TMT. On the other hand, the United States has enough excess corn production to have average exports of 49,079 TMT, making the United States the largest corn exporter in the world. All of this is done while still keeping ending stocks at an average level of 35,116 TMT, the second highest corn ending stocks in the world.
Corn is grown throughout the United States Midwest, with concentration mostly around the states of Iowa and Illinois. There are minor growth areas along the East Coast, but the vast majority of U.S. corn is grown in the central corn belt. Corn planting in the mid-west begins in mid-April and runs through the end of May. Corn silks during the months of July and August, and harvest usually runs from the first of October through the end of November. The corn production calendar is pushed ahead one month for the southern areas of production.
China
Over the past five years China has produced an average corn crop of 115,586 TMT. This makes China the second largest producer of corn in the world. China is also the second largest consumer of corn in the world, averaging a yearly consumption of 112,014 TMT. China on average has imported 944 TMT, and exported 4,560 TMT of corn. This makes China the world's fourth largest exporter of corn. China's ending stocks average for corn is 92,407 TMT, leaving China with the highest world ending stocks.
Corn is grown over a great portion of China, with the major growing areas located in the northeast and south central regions of the country. Minor growing areas lie between the two major areas, serving to connect the two. The province of Jilin is the largest corn producing state in China, producing 13.3 percent of Chinas total corn. The second largest corn-producing province is Shandong, which produces 12.6 percent of the nations total corn. Corn on the north China plain is planted from the first of April to the middle of June. The harvesting of corn starts in mid-August and runs through the middle of October. For most of southern China, corn is planted from the first of February through the middle of April. Corn harvest runs from the first of July through the end of August.
Brazil
Brazil, with an average production of 34,179 TMT, is the third largest producer of corn in the world. Brazil is also the third largest consumer of corn in the world, consuming 35,073 TMT on average. Brazil imports 1,017 TMT ranking them as the fifteenth largest importer of corn in the world. On average, Brazil exports 398 TMT of corn. Brazil's average ending stocks are 2,632 TMT, giving them the third largest ending stocks average in the world.
Corn in Brazil is grown mostly in the eastern region of the nation. The state of Parana produces 18 percent of the nations total corn, with the state of Rio Grande Do Sul producing 13 percent of the nations total corn. For the majority of Brazil, corn is planted from the first of October through the end of December. Corn is harvested from around the first of February through the end of June.
Mexico
Mexico, with average production of 17,910 TMT, is the fourth largest producer of corn in the world. Mexico is also the fourth largest consumer of corn in the world, with average consumption of 22,617 TMT. Mexico imports an average of 4,806 TMT of corn, making them the fourth largest importer of corn in the world. Mexico's exports are substantially lower, averaging only 82 TMT, making Mexico the sixteenth largest exporter of corn in the world. Average corn ending stocks in Mexico are 2,044 TMT.
To some degree corn is grown throughout all of Mexico, with major production areas concentrated to the greatest extent in the southern regions of the country. The state of Jalisco leads the country in corn production, accounting for 15 percent of the total corn produced in Mexico. For most of Mexico, corn is planted from the first of May through the end of June. It then silks from mid-July through mid-August. Mexican corn harvest begins around the first of October and runs through the end of December.
Argentina
Argentina, with average production of 14,860 TMT, is the fifth largest producer of corn in the world. Average corn consumption in Argentina is 5,418 TMT, placing them as the seventeenth largest consumer of corn. Argentina averages imports of 6 TMT of corn and exports of 9,521 TMT. Due to its high level of exports, Argentina is the second largest exporter of corn in the world. Average ending stocks for Argentina are 780 TMT.
Corn is grown in the central region of Argentina, with the province of Buenos Aires producing 54 percent of the nations total corn supply. The state of Cordoba is the second largest producing province, accounting for 16 percent of the nations total production. The planting season for corn begins around the first of October and runs through the end of December. Corn can then be expected to start silking in mid-December and will continue to silk through the end of January. Argentinean corn will then be harvested from the first of March through mid-June.
France
France is the sixth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging a production of 14,791 TMT. Average French corn consumption is 7,774 TMT. The same average has France importing 214 TMT of corn. Due to its large production average and moderate consumption level, France is the third largest exporter of corn in the world. Average exports are 7,295 TMT. Ending stocks for France average 1,453 TMT.
In France corn is grown throughout the entire country, with the major growing areas located in the southern part of the nation. The region of Aquitaine accounts for 21 percent of the nations total corn, and the state of Midi-Pyrenees accounts for 13 percent of the nations total corn production. Corn is generally planted in France from the first of April through the end of May. The corn harvest usually begins around the first of September and runs through the end of November.
India
India is the seventh largest producer of corn in the world, averaging 10,504 TMT of production. India, on average, consumes 10,473 TMT of corn, ranking them as the sixth largest consumer of corn in the world. India has an import average of 90 TMT of corn. India exports an average of 18 TMT of corn.
Corn in India is grown in small, inland pockets throughout the country. The state of Uttar Pradesh produces 16 percent of the total corn in India, with the state of Bihar accounting for 14 percent of India's total corn production. Corn in India is usually planted from around mid-May through the end of July. Corn harvest can be expected to begin around the first of November and run through the end of January.
Italy
Italy produces an average of 9,178 TMT of corn, ranking them as the eighth largest producer of corn in the world. Italy, on average, consumes 9,683 TMT of corn, making them the seventh largest consumer of corn in the world. Imports and exports for Italy are 644 TMT and 68 TMT respectively. Italy's average ending stocks are 638 TMT of corn.
Corn is produced throughout Italy, with the major growth areas being concentrated in the northern portion of the country. The region of Vento accounts for 24 percent of the nations total corn, but the region of Lombardia is a close second, producing 20 percent of Italy's total corn. Corn is planted in Italy starting around the first of April and running through mid-May. The harvest season for corn begins around the first of September and runs through the end of October.
Romania
Romania is the ninth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging production of 9,102 TMT per year. Romania's average consumption is 8,789 TMT, which ranks them as the ninth largest consumer of corn in the world. On average, Romania imports 93 TMT, and they export 391 TMT of corn, making them the ninth largest exporter of corn in the world. Romania's ending stocks average is 827 TMT.
Corn is grown throughout the county of Romania, with the major growing areas located in the western regions of the country. The county of Dolj is the largest producer of corn in Romania, accounting for 6 percent of the nations total production. For most of Romania, corn is planted from the first of April through the end of May. Harvest begins around the first of August and will run through the end of September.
South Africa
South Africa is the tenth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging production of 8,382 TMT. South African consumption averages 7,880 TMT, ranking them as the thirteenth largest consumer of corn in the world. South Africa has an import average of 319 TMT of corn, and an export average of 1,067 TMT. South Africa's high amount of exports ranks them as the fifth largest exporting country in the world. South Africa's ending stocks average is 1,347 TMT.
In South Africa, corn is grown in the north and northeast regions of the country. Most of the corn production occurs in the provinces of North-West, Orange Free, Guateng, and Mpumalanga, with minor growing areas all around these provinces. South African corn is planted from the end of September through the end of December. Corn can be expected to silk from January through mid-March. Harvest will then begin around mid-April, and continue through the end of June.
Canada
Canada is ranked twelfth in the world for corn production, producing an average crop of 7,684 TMT. On average, Canada consumes 8,359 TMT of corn. Imports and exports for Canada are 1,036 TMT and 399 TMT respectively. Average ending stocks for Canada are 799 TMT.
Canada's major corn growing areas are located in the southern regions of the country around the Great Lake's. In Canada, corn is planted from the first of May through the end of June. Corn will then silk from the first of July through the end of August. Canadian corn is harvested from the end of September through the end of November.
Egypt
Egypt is the fourteenth largest producer of corn in the world, producing an average of 5,682 TMT per year. Egypt has average corn consumption of 9,130 TMT, making them the eight largest consumer of corn in the world. Egypt is the fifth largest importer of corn in the world, importing an average of 3,477 TMT per year. Egypt does not even compete in the corn export arena, with average exports of 0 TMT. Egypt's ending stocks average is 357 TMT.
Spain
Spain is the sixteenth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging a production of 3,540 TMT per year. Spain has an average corn consumption of 6,088 TMT per year. Spain imports 2,770 TMT of corn per year, making them the sixth largest importer of corn in the world. Spain is the fourteenth largest exporter of corn in the world, averaging exports of 112 TMT. Spain's ending stocks average is 623 TMT.
Corn is grown, basically, everywhere in Spain. However, the major growing areas are concentrated in the northern regions of the country. The region of Castila y Leon accounts for 20 percent of the nations total corn production and its neighbor, the region of Aragon, is a close second with 19 percent of the nations total corn production. In Spain, corn is planted from the first of March until the end of April. The Spanish corn harvest begins in mid-August and runs through the end of November.
Venezuela
Venezuela is the nineteenth largest producer of corn in the world. On average, Venezuela produces 1,125 TMT of corn per year. Based on this same average, Venezuela consumes 2,397 TMT of corn. In the importing and exporting arena, Venezuela has 1,310 TMT and 26 TMT for averages, respectively. Venezuela's average ending stocks are 151 TMT.
Colombia
On average, Colombia produces 950 TMT of corn. As far as consumption goes, Colombia consumes an average of 2,600 TMT of corn annually. Colombia imports an average of 1,621 TMT. Average exports of Colombian corn are nonexistent, and have been nonexistent for at least the last twenty years. Colombia's average ending stocks are 150 TMT of corn.
South Africa is the tenth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging production of 8,382 TMT. South African consumption averages 7,880 TMT, ranking them as the thirteenth largest consumer of corn in the world. South Africa has an import average of 319 TMT of corn, and an export average of 1,067 TMT. South Africa's high amount of exports ranks them as the fifth largest exporting country in the world. South Africa's ending stocks average is 1,347 TMT.
In South Africa, corn is grown in the north and northeast regions of the country. Most of the corn production occurs in the provinces of North-West, Orange Free, Guateng, and Mpumalanga, with minor growing areas all around these provinces. South African corn is planted from the end of September through the end of December. Corn can be expected to silk from January through mid-March. Harvest will then begin around mid-April, and continue through the end of June.
Canada
Canada is ranked twelfth in the world for corn production, producing an average crop of 7,684 TMT. On average, Canada consumes 8,359 TMT of corn. Imports and exports for Canada are 1,036 TMT and 399 TMT respectively. Average ending stocks for Canada are 799 TMT.
Canada's major corn growing areas are located in the southern regions of the country around the Great Lake's. In Canada, corn is planted from the first of May through the end of June. Corn will then silk from the first of July through the end of August. Canadian corn is harvested from the end of September through the end of November.
Egypt
Egypt is the fourteenth largest producer of corn in the world, producing an average of 5,682 TMT per year. Egypt has average corn consumption of 9,130 TMT, making them the eight largest consumer of corn in the world. Egypt is the fifth largest importer of corn in the world, importing an average of 3,477 TMT per year. Egypt does not even compete in the corn export arena, with average exports of 0 TMT. Egypt's ending stocks average is 357 TMT.
Spain
Spain is the sixteenth largest producer of corn in the world, averaging a production of 3,540 TMT per year. Spain has an average corn consumption of 6,088 TMT per year. Spain imports 2,770 TMT of corn per year, making them the sixth largest importer of corn in the world. Spain is the fourteenth largest exporter of corn in the world, averaging exports of 112 TMT. Spain's ending stocks average is 623 TMT.
Corn is grown, basically, everywhere in Spain. However, the major growing areas are concentrated in the northern regions of the country. The region of Castila y Leon accounts for 20 percent of the nations total corn production and its neighbor, the region of Aragon, is a close second with 19 percent of the nations total corn production. In Spain, corn is planted from the first of March until the end of April. The Spanish corn harvest begins in mid-August and runs through the end of November.
Venezuela
Venezuela is the nineteenth largest producer of corn in the world. On average, Venezuela produces 1,125 TMT of corn per year. Based on this same average, Venezuela consumes 2,397 TMT of corn. In the importing and exporting arena, Venezuela has 1,310 TMT and 26 TMT for averages, respectively. Venezuela's average ending stocks are 151 TMT.
Colombia
On average, Colombia produces 950 TMT of corn. As far as consumption goes, Colombia consumes an average of 2,600 TMT of corn annually. Colombia imports an average of 1,621 TMT. Average exports of Colombian corn are nonexistent, and have been nonexistent for at least the last twenty years. Colombia's average ending stocks are 150 TMT of corn.
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